以下资料由米郑（michang）整理而成，并非常感谢GOOGLE强大的搜索功能，使我的许多疑问迎刃而解。欢迎留言加纷纷～。

投入加拿大贸易业首先要明确了解这八大点：

1.　时间习惯

加拿大进口商往往在商品销售之前6个月就开始买卖。由于商品流行期长短不同，订货也可能要提前9个月，或只提前3个月。

2．运费与成交价

由于加拿大零售商大多数参加了"加拿入零售业运输协定"，能享受集装箱运输的最优惠价，所以在作进口业务时总希望把租船运输的环节掌握在自己手中。这样，在签订进口合同时，他们总是坚持按指定港口离岸价成交。

3.　付款

在加拿大进口业务中，向出口方付款时，一般采用以采购代理为受益人的可转让的信用证方式进行。

4. 商品包装与标签

要了解加拿大对货物包装的法律规定 对加拿大出口的所有外国商品，包装上必须同时使用英法两种文字，两种文字所占面积应当相等。

5、政府干预企业经营

加拿大由于其土地幅员辽阔、人口稀少且居住分散，政府全面介入公路、铁路、电力及其它发展顶目的程度相当高，政府对公司、企业及其经营规模等的影响比美国要大得多，加拿大公司的决策也更多地受到政府调控的影响，而加拿大公司和企业的经营者也比美国同行更乐于问政府求助。因此，在加拿大做生意要注意搞好与加拿人各级政府的关系。

6、工潮活动频繁

加拿大的工人大多数参加了工会，他们一般比美国工人要富有斗志些。在劳资双方发生矛盾时，一旦资方态度强硬不化或不愿妥协，他们便起来罢工。因此，在加拿大企业或公司老板常常为应付各种突如其来的工潮而苦不堪言。中国人若要想在加拿大办厂或经商一定要注意处理好与下属尤其是加拿大人的关系。

7、消费观念美国化

加拿大人口大部分集中在距美国边界150公里范围的地方，深受美国的宣传媒介、书刊、电视等的直接影响，无论他们的思想观念和对问题的态度，还是他们的消费习惯与消费观念都有着很明显的美国文化的烙印。尽管如此，加拿大人对“加拿大是美国的附庸”的说法是非常敏感和反感的，因此，要特别注意这一点。

8、商业信用

a. 加拿人商人经营企业时都努力维护自己的信誉，对产品质量要求甚高。例如，加拿大零售商总是千方百计发展独有的商品，创造一种独家经销的局面。为此，他们往往在商品上使用自己专有标志。在考虑货源的价格和质量问题时，他门宁肯在价格上让利而不愿在质量要求方面作丝毫妥协。大型百货公司每年不惜花费数百万元来树立自己牌号的质量形象，具体作法包括允许顾客在购买商品时若发现其有缺陷可来店掉换或退钱。因此，中国出口到加拿大的商品其质量自然应该是上乘的，否则，其产品即使到了加拿大也会无人问津。

b. 加拿大商人更愿与生产或出口商建立长期相互信任的业务关系。为了解保消费者手中产品的质量，为使销售过程中出现的产品质量问题得到及时解决，也为使双方都能从稳定的交易中获得利润，并从根本上长期占领市场，加拿大零售商总是希望与外国生产厂或出口商建立长期而不是短期的相互依赖与合作关系。由于加拿大大型公司的业务联系遍布世界各地，因此任何一地的生产商或出口商都应清醒地认识到他们所面临的激烈竞争，从而提高与之建立长期密切合作关系的自觉性。

关于网址与资迅查询
抽空上GOOGLE搜索了一下，还查到网址若干，感觉挺有用的。在这里对标题做了点小小的翻译，方便大家查看。具体的内容，就点击网址慢慢看吧！光进口指南就是一个上百页的PDF文档，米郑在此就不一一解说了。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Step-by-Step Guide to Importing - Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) 加拿大CBSA的进口指南

CBSA created a step-by-step guide to help small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that import goods occasionally or are importing for the first time. This tool demystifies the process of importing commercial goods into Canada.

The various steps of the guide are found under the following topics 内容:
Before importing
Tariff classification, rate of duties and taxes
Importing
Adjustments and records
Trade incentives and other information
Appendix of Client Services Offices

For more information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document Step-by-Step Guide to Importing or visit CBSA's Web site at http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/sme/stepb...rt/menu-e.html

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Automated Customs Information Service (ACIS) - Canada Border Services Agency 自动报关信息服务--24小时电话服务

The Automated Customs Information Service (ACIS) is a computerized, 24-hour telephone service that automatically answers all incoming calls and provides general customs information. With the help of a touch-tone telephone, clients can hear recorded information. If you are calling during office hours and need additional information on a particular topic, you can press "0" to speak to an agent.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document Automated Customs Information Service or visit the Web site at http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/eservices/acis/menu-e.html

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Customs Client Services Offices - Canada Border Services Agency 加拿大边境管理处

The Customs Client Services Offices combine the services formerly offered by the Trade Administration Services and the Customs Border Services. They have been set up with a view to enhancing the global competitiveness of Canadian business on the international market, assisting business clients in complying with trade law requirements and making use of all the benefits available through Canada's international trade.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document Customs Offices

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Canadian Association of Importers and Exporters Inc. - CAIE 加拿大进出口商协会

CAIE is a national organization committed to providing support services of superior value and developing the trade activities of its membership. The Association is a private, non-profit organization, which has been servicing Canadian importers since 1932.

The Association is Canada's key source of information on Canadian trade policy and provides Canadian importers, both large and small, with critical information, effective representation to government and timely advice.

Our mandate is to promote international trade. All members receive Importweek, Canada's only national weekly publication for importers. In addition, the Association holds regular conferences on topical issues, providing members with the latest information from industry experts and key senior-level government officials.

For further information, please call (416) 595-5333, or visit the Web site at http://www.importers.ca

米郑注：这个网站我去看过，不错。他们很多企业都参加了有关海运优惠的协议，对降低进出口货物而发生的海运费用有很大好处。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Customs Automated Data Exchange - (CADEX) - and Customs Declaration - CUSDEC - Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) 这是报关方面的网站与联系电话。

CADEX and CUSDEC are electronic data interchange (EDI) systems offered by the Canada Border Services Agency which allow importers and brokers to file customs accounting documents (B3 forms) electronically.

CADEX and CUSDEC also offer centralized accounting privileges and can send accounting information to clients. Other features include data transmission for notification of customs release, overdue entries and classification. The system also includes information on tariffs, GST and excise tax rate changes on commodities.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, or see the document Customs Automated Data Exchange - CADEX - and Customs Declaration - CUSDEC.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Customs Internet Gateway 网上报关

The Customs Internet Gateway is an alternative way of transmitting customs data. For information, contact the Electronic Commerce Unit at 1-888-957-7224 or visit the Web site at http://www.logisticssoftware.com/main.html

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trade Data - Statistics Canada 加拿大统计局-贸易数据

Statistics Canada maintains records related to sales, inventories and operating data for retail and wholesale businesses and the number and value of new motor vehicles sold in Canada. Statistics Canada also maintains detailed trade date by commodity or industry and records related to exports and imports on a customs basis.

The on-line catalogue of products and services is available at: http://www.statcan.ca/english/search/ips.htm

For further information, please call 1-800-263-1136, see the document Trade Data and Statistics or visit Statistics Canada's Web site at: http://www.statcan.ca

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trade Data Online - Industry Canada 加拿大产业-贸易数据在线

Trade Data Online is a product designed to facilitate access to Canadian and U.S. trade statistics by commodity (HS code), industry (SIC code) and geographical location.

For further information, please call 1-800-328-6189, see the document Trade Data Online or visit the Web site at http://strategis.gc.ca/tdo

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Canadian Importers Database - Industry Canada 加拿大产业-加拿大进口商数据库

Canadian manufacturers and primary goods producers can find out the names and locations of the major companies importing specific products into Canada.

For further information, please call 1-800-328-6189, see the document Canadian Importers Database or visit the Web site at http://strategis.gc.ca/sc_mrkti/cid/engdoc/index.html

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food Import - Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) 加拿大食品监督局-食品进口
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) provides services and resources to assist Canadian food importers. These services include the Import Service Centres, the Automated Import Reference System, and a variety of guides that provide valuable information on importing foods into Canada.

The CFIA Web site contains a vast amount of information on importing food into Canada. They provide information on import by commodity, import procedures, and useful guides that are designed to assist food importers. Example of available guides are:
Guide to Importing Food Commercially
Good Importing Practices
Food Recalls - Importers Guide

For more information, you may see the document Food Import or visit the CFIA's Web site at http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toc/importe.shtml


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trade Facilitation Office Canada (TFOC) 加拿大贸易促进办公室？
这个网址很有用，可以查到很多优惠政策。

Trade Facilitation Office Canada (TFOC) is a not-for-profit organization, funded by the Canadian International Development Agency, that helps exporters from developing countries and from central and eastern Europe to find markets in Canada.

TFOC services available to qualified importers include:
- access to information on the TFOC database of 2,000 exporters from client countries;
- access to incoming missions of exporters; and
- opportunity to participate in outgoing missions of Canadian importers to client countries.

Canadian importers who wish to tie into these new foreign sources of a variety of products may do so by completing a registration form (Profile Form) at http://www.tfoc.ca/tfoc/cdn_importers_register.htm

For further information, please call (613) 233-3925 or (in Canada) 1-800-267-9674, see the document Trade Facilitation Office Canada or visit the Web site at http://www.tfoc.ca


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTERNATIONAL TRADE 国际贸易方面---------------------------------------------------------------------------
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) - International Trade Canada (ITCan) 北美自由贸易协定
NAFTA came into force on January?, 1994. As of January 1, 2003, the agreement eliminates tariffs on nearly all qualifying goods among Canada, Mexico and the United States. NAFTA provides secure access for Canadian exports to the U.S. and Mexico. Canadian business people and the general public may get printed information about NAFTA from ITCan and other government departments.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document North American Free Trade Agreement or visit the Web site at http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/tna-nac/reg-e.asp

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
REGULATIONS 规则---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Duty Deferral Program - Duty Drawbacks - Canada Border Services Agency
关于关税缓征、退税的项目，搞进出口的同志也一定要好好学习了。

This program helps Canadian companies compete in export markets by allowing them, under special circumstances, to recover duties they paid on imported goods. (You cannot recover GST payments under this program.)

Canadian companies may recover import duties (but not GST) under the following circumstances: export of Canadian manufactured goods; import and subsequent export of goods; destruction of obsolete or surplus goods.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document Duty Deferral Program - Duty Drawbacks or visit the Web site at http://www.asfc-cbsa.gc.ca/import/dutydeferral-e.html

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Export and Import Permits Act - Import Permits - International Trade Canada - ITCan 进出口许可法这也是个重要法规，要好好看

Import Permits are issued under the authority of the Export and Import Permits Act. The Export and Import Controls Bureau (EICB) of International Trade Canada is responsible for assisting importers to determine if import permits are required. They also publish brochures and Notices to Importers that are freely available on request.

The importation of goods on the Import Control List to Canada for commercial or personal purposes is controlled by a series of quotas and import licenses. In order to import these goods, you must obtain in most cases, an import permit.

For further information, please call (613) 996-3711, see the document Import Permits or visit the Web site at http://www.international.gc.ca/trade...general-en.asp

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Business Number - Canada Revenue Agency 商业号码-加拿大税务局
凡在加做生意，都要拿个BUSINESS NO，这里是告诉你怎么去申请的，有在线申请。

All Canadian individuals or businesses importing on a commercial basis have to obtain a Business Number in order to account for their goods. Foreign-based or non-resident importers are also required to obtain a Business Number. The CRA uses this number to identify a business and to process Customs accounting documents such as: corporate income tax; import / export; payroll deductions; goods and services tax / harmonized sales tax (GST / HST). A Business Number consists of 15 characters. The first nine (9) numbers identify the business, the remaining six (6) characters identify the account.

For further information, please call 1-800-959-5525, see the document Business Number - BN or visit the Web site at http://www.cra.gc.ca/bn

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Product Safety - Health Canada 产品安全

Consumer Product Safety encourages the design of safer products for the Canadian market by providing importers and manufacturers with hazard and product technical information such as: Chemical hazards - consumer chemical products like detergents, paints, solvents and glues; Flammability hazards - textile products like children's sleepwear, clothing, tents, bedding and mattresses; matches and cellulose insulation; and Mechanical hazards - entrapment, entanglement, strangulation, choking and puncture hazards in children's products like toys, cribs and bunk beds; products destined for household, garden or recreational use.

For more information, please visit Health Canada's Web site at http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hecs-sesc/hecs/psp.htm

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tariff Classification of Imported Goods - Canada Border Services Agency 进口货物分类
这是了解进出口商品税率的网站，要好好看。

Canada uses the international Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) to classify imported goods. This classification system determines applicable customs duty rates and it provides statistical data. The HS system is also used to determine if any of the following apply: prohibitions; quotas; anti-dumping or countervailing duties; NAFTA provisions; other preferential tariff treatments.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document Tariff Classification of Imported Goods

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Temporary Importation / Exportation Programs - Canada Border Services Agency 短期进出口项目
不搞长期进出口贸易，临时带点商品出入境怎么办？看看这里吧，呵呵

All goods entering Canada, even those being imported temporarily or those goods which were exported temporarily, are subject to duty and tax on their full value, unless there is a provision to relieve the duties and taxes owing.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document Temporary Importation/Exportation Programs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Valuation of Imported Goods - Canada Border Services Agency 进口货物的估价

To find out how much duty and tax to apply to a good, importers first have to know how much the good is worth. Canada Customs and Revenue Agency's Valuation Division and regional Customs Client Services, applying the duty provisions of the Customs Act, make these decisions.

For more information, please call 1-800-461-9999 or see the document Valuation of Imported Goods

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Protective Measures for Canadian Products against Unfair Foreign Competition - Canada Border Services Agency 帮助加拿大产品面对国外不公平竞争（如倾销）的保护性法规，这个也很重要，搞进口的同志要注意了。

The Canada Border Services Agency administers the Special Import Measures Act (SIMA) and imposes duties on imported goods when they are dumped or subsidized in a way that harms Canadian producers.

For further information, please call 1-800-461-9999, see the document Protective Measures for Canadian Products Against Unfair Foreign Competition or visit the Web site at http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/sima


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Administrative Monetary Penalty System (AMPS) - Canada Border Services Agency 出入境处的行政罚款规定喔！看清楚罗！别说人家没告诉你喔！

The proposed Administrative Monetary Penalty System (AMPS) is a graduated system of administrative monetary penalties for failure to comply with Customs legislative, regulatory or program requirements. It will provide a flexible and effective sanctions regime necessary to ensure and preserve the public trust in the fairness and integrity of the Customs program.

For more information, see the document Administrative Monetary Penalty System (AMPS) or visit CCRA's Web site at http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/amps


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labelling 标签---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Non-Food - Industry Canada 非食品工业类

Under the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act, the Competition Bureau administers the packaging and labelling of prepackaged non-food products at all levels of trade.

For further information, please call 1-800-348-5358, see the document Labelling - Packaging Consumer Products (Non-Food) or visit Industry Canada's Web site at http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/SSG/sz00181e.html

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Textiles - Industry Canada 纺织品类

The Competition Bureau administers the Textile Labelling Act and the Canadian Care Labelling Program at all levels of trade. The Textile Labelling Act and the Textile Labelling and Advertising Regulations specify the requirements for the labelling and advertising of consumer textile articles.

For further information, please call 1-800-348-5358, see the document Labelling - Textiles or visit Industry Canada's Web site at http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/SSG/sz00181e.html

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food Labelling - Canadian Food Inspection Agency 食品标签

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency administers the federal labelling requirements for prepackaged foods under the Food and Drugs Act and Regulations and the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act and Regulations.

For further information, please call 1-800-442-2342, see the document Food Labelling or visit the Web site at http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toc/labetie.shtml

For more information about Importing, you may want to look at the following booklet "A Guide for New Importers" on The Business Link Business Service Centre website at http://www.cbsc.org/alberta/content/import_guide.pdf

这个是进出口贸易开展第一步的指南网纸：
http://www.importers.ca/starting.html